9/21/2023 0 Comments Drug reference toolDRR is statistically based on the pharmacokinetic parameters total clearance (Clt), time to reach maximal concentrations (Tmax), and elimination half-life (t1/2). The discriminating dose-related reference range (DRR) considers a patient's individual pharmacokinetic situation. Relating a measured drug concentration to the orienting therapeutic reference range (TRR) provides pharmacodynamic information for improving the benefit-risk ratio of desired drug effects (DDE) versus adverse drug effects (ADE). The review compiles conditions and prerequisites for these transformations to be valid. the population of phase II clinical trials. Textbooks provided Bateman transformations for calculating expected drug concentrations at various times after drug application in "normal patients", i.e. ![]() It discusses alternative pharmacokinetic approaches for individualization of drug therapy. This systematic review provides a state-of-the-art overview of the benefits of adding the dose-related reference range as a second reference range to the set of tools used by TDM for measurement and evaluation.
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